HISTORY OF FAMILY TREE
About how the 300-year history of our family was created
Introduction
In the middle of July 2020, our uncle Leo Maloratsky decided to sum up our joint work with him on our family tree. He wrote “HISTORY OF HISTORY”, where he described the story of the creation of our family tree presented at www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com
This inspired us to write a similar story about the creation of our pedigree presented at https://sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com/
The Family Tree which was created by the joint efforts of our relatives
1. I would like to start with the memoirs of Arnold Kholodenko - our very first relative who took up our Family Tree. I recall how enthusiastically I looked at his first tablets with a diagram of our relatives in Kiev in the 80s.
Memoirs of Arnold Kholodenko.
2. Then it is imperative to note the tremendous work done by Leo and Elena Maloratsky, with whom we continue to work together to this day.
History of History. Leo Maloratsky.
3. Howard Levin did a great job of collecting information about the Maloratsky immigrants to America in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
The Maloratsky family tree from Howard Levin (information not presented).
4. Development of website SAGALOV AND GOLDFARB HISTORY
This story begins in the summer of 2010, when my mother Feygel Markovna Goldfarb (Sagalova), who survived colon cancer, was bedridden after another deterioration in her health at 87 years old. To raise her mood, and to distract her from hard thoughts, I decided to ask her about our relatives.
I was struck by the fact that it turned out I did not know about several very close relatives. I did not even know about the fact of their existence, it shocked me, and I decided to fix this mistake and started working on creating a family tree.
My first attempt at building a family tree was with the computer program “MyHeritage”. The information that I contributed to the program was documented, but as a result, there was not much satisfaction, something was missing, there was not enough information about the people indicated in the diagram.
In the middle of July 2020, our uncle Leo Maloratsky decided to sum up our joint work with him on our family tree. He wrote “HISTORY OF HISTORY”, where he described the story of the creation of our family tree presented at www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com
This inspired us to write a similar story about the creation of our pedigree presented at https://sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com/
The Family Tree which was created by the joint efforts of our relatives
1. I would like to start with the memoirs of Arnold Kholodenko - our very first relative who took up our Family Tree. I recall how enthusiastically I looked at his first tablets with a diagram of our relatives in Kiev in the 80s.
Memoirs of Arnold Kholodenko.
2. Then it is imperative to note the tremendous work done by Leo and Elena Maloratsky, with whom we continue to work together to this day.
History of History. Leo Maloratsky.
3. Howard Levin did a great job of collecting information about the Maloratsky immigrants to America in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
The Maloratsky family tree from Howard Levin (information not presented).
4. Development of website SAGALOV AND GOLDFARB HISTORY
This story begins in the summer of 2010, when my mother Feygel Markovna Goldfarb (Sagalova), who survived colon cancer, was bedridden after another deterioration in her health at 87 years old. To raise her mood, and to distract her from hard thoughts, I decided to ask her about our relatives.
I was struck by the fact that it turned out I did not know about several very close relatives. I did not even know about the fact of their existence, it shocked me, and I decided to fix this mistake and started working on creating a family tree.
My first attempt at building a family tree was with the computer program “MyHeritage”. The information that I contributed to the program was documented, but as a result, there was not much satisfaction, something was missing, there was not enough information about the people indicated in the diagram.
At the beginning of 2011, my uncle and aunt Leo and Elena Maloratsky sent us their version of the Maloratsky family tree, based on the Howard Levin account of Maloratsky Family Tree. Looking through this work, we realized what was missing in our work on our family tree. We were interested in the historical living conditions of our ancestors, which were the focus of the work of the Maloratsky. We immediately decided to restructure our work and focus on historical facts surrounding the lives of our relatives.
Over time, it became clear that the tree will be large, and we divided the whole tree into 4 chapters: the Maloratsky Tree, the Kagansky Tree, the Sagalov Tree, and the Goldfarb Tree.
Work on the Maloratsky tree progressed quickly thanks to the achievements of Leo and Elena, with whom we worked and continue to work as one team with one goal.
We started work on the Goldfarbs and Sagalovs practically from scratch. For the Goldfarbs, it was not even known where my father Sasha Goldfarb was born, what was his mother's first name, what was his father's father first name (my grandfather), and a lot of other primary information was missing.
Work on the Kagansky began later and was based on the prior work of Arnold Kholodenko and Leo Maloratsky.
From the very beginning, it was decided that the family tree diagram containing thousands of relatives should be able to present a clear picture of the relationships between distant relatives. At the top of such a diagram, the main tribes of the family tree are located, and by scrolling down the diagram, you can see how the relatives belonging to this tribe are connected.
The very first significant discovery in our search was the discovery of the birthplace of my father, Sasha Goldfarb. After a careful study of all the photographs in the family archive, the birthplace of my father was written on the back of one of the photographs (for a passport). It turned out that Sasha Goldfarb was born in the mestechko (shtetl) Belogorodka, Izyaslavsky district, Khmelnitsky region. |
Also significant was the discovery of the fact that all people with the surname Maloratsky are relatives and came from one Jewish family from the village of Malaya Racha. This discovery led to the assumption that all people with the same last name living in the same geographical location were also relatives. Later on, we found that the Sagalovs came from the Fastov district, the Kagansky came from the Korostyshev district, the Kaganovsky were from the Brusilov district, the Radomyslsky were from the Radomysl region, and the Goldfarbs were from the Peremysl district.
The discovery of the fact that close relatives may have different surnames was also significant, and after a statistical analysis of the names done by Leo Maloratsky, we were able to expand our Maloratsky tree. It turned out that the Maloratsky tree was only a branch of the larger Radomyslsky tree.
How family trees chapters of our family tree were created.
According to the traditional recommendations of genealogists, one should begin to build a tree starting from their parents and climbing higher in their branch to the trunk to older generations. In theory, this all sounds very simple, but in practice, it is not. In practice, there is a large gap within potential genealogical sources of information.
There is quite detailed genealogical information about the families of the Russian Empire in 1795-1858. (revision tales), there is very detailed genealogical information in the census forms of the First All-Russian Population Census of 1897, but only for the Kiev province and partially Odessa province, and for some cities of the “Jewish Census of 1875” That is, it turns out if you move from father to grandfather, from grandfather to great-grandfather, etc., you immediately run into this gap. If the grandfather or great-grandfather is not in the "Census of the Jews of 1875" or in the census forms of the First All-Russian Population Census of 1897, then no further progress can be made.
The case helped me find another search option. When we asked Oleg Sagalov to participate in our search in the Kiev archives, he unexpectedly came across an interesting fact - it turned out that many Sagalovs lived in Fastov by revisions of 1816-1818. By that time, I had already established that all people with the surname Maloratsky are relatives and came from one Jewish family from the village of Malaya Racha. This discovery led to the following conjecture that all the Sagalov surnames living in Fastov are also relatives.
Later, I managed to develop the following strategy for building a family tree.
So the family trees of the Sagalov, Kagansky, Kaganovsky and Radomyslsky were reconstructed this way. Goldfarb was a bit different.
In order to understand how the Goldfarb family tree was reconstructed, you need to understand the history of the Goldfarb settlement in Galicia, Poland and Ukraine.
After a thorough study of historical and archival documents of the late 18th century, we came to the conclusion that the Goldfarb clan’s nest was in Przemysl.
After the first partition of Poland in 1772, part of Galicia went to Austria, where Przemysl and Lvov fell, and Lublin, Krakow and Zhytomyr remained Polish.
According to a law issued in 1787 by Emperor Joseph II [5], surname-less Jews were required to take a surname, which from that moment became hereditary.
The tax burden during Austrian rule was heavy. The taxes on meat taxed by Jewish trade were as follows: for each kilogram of meat there were 3 cruisers, 2 cruisers for a pigeon, 14 cruisers for a geese, 6 cruisers for a chicken or duckling and 20 cruisers for a swan. Duties were assigned to the candles apiece. And every Jewish family lit two candles every Saturday and holiday.
And, probably, many Jews were looking for places with more liberal laws that still remained in Poland. This may explain how some Goldfarbs, who just got their name, decided to move to Poland: to Lublin, Kolbushevo, Staszow, Tarnow, Kremenets and Chernyakhov. After the third partition of Poland, Kremenets and Chernyakhov ended up on the territory of Ukraine (for more details see How did the Jewish Austrian surnames appeared in Ukraine and Poland. The history of the Goldfarb settling in Galicia, Poland and Ukraine.).
From the above information, one can understand how the various Goldfarb's nests appeared in Ukraine.
The reconstruction of the Goldfarb tree from 1811 was done in the same way as described in the above seven points of the strategy for building a family tree (with the exception of the fourth point). This item was replaced by a search for documents in the Polish database “Jewish Records Indexing - Poland” https://jri-poland.org/, where records of Goldfarb dating back to 1790 were located.
Work on the reconstruction of the tree continues to this day, because the gap in genealogy information has been exacerbated by historical events:
- during World War 2, the Germans exported and destroyed the Ukrainian archives, including the Khmelnitsky regional
archive.
- A fire in the Khmelnitsky Regional Archive, where quite a lot of Jewish funds were affected.
- there are new digitized funds of the Ukrainian archives due to the selfless work of the Ukrainian genealogy
Alex Krakowski. Website Jewish place (Єврейське містечко) https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%84%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE?fbclid=IwAR2utlNamc5LVNjIW33YIzKb_YprqDOz6AnbVVDg_nOH0IQw6Ksdki5YFsY
About Chaim Bin Itshak-Ayzik Segal
A good example of our work is a research about Chaim bin Itshak-Ayzik Segal, who, as we assume, was one of the Sagalov’s ancestors in Fastov and, according to the artist Marc Chagall, was his ancestor.
The discovery of the fact that close relatives may have different surnames was also significant, and after a statistical analysis of the names done by Leo Maloratsky, we were able to expand our Maloratsky tree. It turned out that the Maloratsky tree was only a branch of the larger Radomyslsky tree.
How family trees chapters of our family tree were created.
According to the traditional recommendations of genealogists, one should begin to build a tree starting from their parents and climbing higher in their branch to the trunk to older generations. In theory, this all sounds very simple, but in practice, it is not. In practice, there is a large gap within potential genealogical sources of information.
There is quite detailed genealogical information about the families of the Russian Empire in 1795-1858. (revision tales), there is very detailed genealogical information in the census forms of the First All-Russian Population Census of 1897, but only for the Kiev province and partially Odessa province, and for some cities of the “Jewish Census of 1875” That is, it turns out if you move from father to grandfather, from grandfather to great-grandfather, etc., you immediately run into this gap. If the grandfather or great-grandfather is not in the "Census of the Jews of 1875" or in the census forms of the First All-Russian Population Census of 1897, then no further progress can be made.
The case helped me find another search option. When we asked Oleg Sagalov to participate in our search in the Kiev archives, he unexpectedly came across an interesting fact - it turned out that many Sagalovs lived in Fastov by revisions of 1816-1818. By that time, I had already established that all people with the surname Maloratsky are relatives and came from one Jewish family from the village of Malaya Racha. This discovery led to the following conjecture that all the Sagalov surnames living in Fastov are also relatives.
Later, I managed to develop the following strategy for building a family tree.
- To start the search for namesakes in the Revizsky Tales of 1811, 1816-1818
- Find a place where this surname is found much more often than in other places, thereby determining the potential family nest of this surname.
- Make lists of namesakes for all revisions of 1811, 1816-1818, 1834-1836, 1850-1851, 1858-1859
- To analyse the 1795 revision of the locality of the clan nest with a view to establishing an additional earlier generation of relatives.
- Reconstruct the top of the family chart from 1760 to 1860.
- Analyse all the remaining genealogical information about the father, grandfather, great-grandfather, etc., to connect your branch to the trunk of the main family tree.
- Continue to track additional information from genealogy sources and make the necessary changes as additional information is found.
So the family trees of the Sagalov, Kagansky, Kaganovsky and Radomyslsky were reconstructed this way. Goldfarb was a bit different.
In order to understand how the Goldfarb family tree was reconstructed, you need to understand the history of the Goldfarb settlement in Galicia, Poland and Ukraine.
After a thorough study of historical and archival documents of the late 18th century, we came to the conclusion that the Goldfarb clan’s nest was in Przemysl.
After the first partition of Poland in 1772, part of Galicia went to Austria, where Przemysl and Lvov fell, and Lublin, Krakow and Zhytomyr remained Polish.
According to a law issued in 1787 by Emperor Joseph II [5], surname-less Jews were required to take a surname, which from that moment became hereditary.
The tax burden during Austrian rule was heavy. The taxes on meat taxed by Jewish trade were as follows: for each kilogram of meat there were 3 cruisers, 2 cruisers for a pigeon, 14 cruisers for a geese, 6 cruisers for a chicken or duckling and 20 cruisers for a swan. Duties were assigned to the candles apiece. And every Jewish family lit two candles every Saturday and holiday.
And, probably, many Jews were looking for places with more liberal laws that still remained in Poland. This may explain how some Goldfarbs, who just got their name, decided to move to Poland: to Lublin, Kolbushevo, Staszow, Tarnow, Kremenets and Chernyakhov. After the third partition of Poland, Kremenets and Chernyakhov ended up on the territory of Ukraine (for more details see How did the Jewish Austrian surnames appeared in Ukraine and Poland. The history of the Goldfarb settling in Galicia, Poland and Ukraine.).
From the above information, one can understand how the various Goldfarb's nests appeared in Ukraine.
The reconstruction of the Goldfarb tree from 1811 was done in the same way as described in the above seven points of the strategy for building a family tree (with the exception of the fourth point). This item was replaced by a search for documents in the Polish database “Jewish Records Indexing - Poland” https://jri-poland.org/, where records of Goldfarb dating back to 1790 were located.
Work on the reconstruction of the tree continues to this day, because the gap in genealogy information has been exacerbated by historical events:
- during World War 2, the Germans exported and destroyed the Ukrainian archives, including the Khmelnitsky regional
archive.
- A fire in the Khmelnitsky Regional Archive, where quite a lot of Jewish funds were affected.
- there are new digitized funds of the Ukrainian archives due to the selfless work of the Ukrainian genealogy
Alex Krakowski. Website Jewish place (Єврейське містечко) https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%84%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE?fbclid=IwAR2utlNamc5LVNjIW33YIzKb_YprqDOz6AnbVVDg_nOH0IQw6Ksdki5YFsY
About Chaim Bin Itshak-Ayzik Segal
A good example of our work is a research about Chaim bin Itshak-Ayzik Segal, who, as we assume, was one of the Sagalov’s ancestors in Fastov and, according to the artist Marc Chagall, was his ancestor.
Cartouche from the Mogilev Synagogue.
|
Chaim Bin Itzhok Segal (b. ~1680 from Slutsk) painted the famous synagogue 1680 in Mogilev. But the names began to be appropriated to Jews only at the beginning of the 19th century, in the 1795 census there are no surnames. That is, it turns out that he was given the name Segal, probably on the grounds that he was a Levite.
Translation courtesy of Misha Shauli: "... This is Hebrew." The literal translation is in italic (Latin for transliteration from Hebrew): (Made) by the worker engaged in the holy craft, Haim BehaRaR (the abbreviation ben ha-rav rabbi = Rabbi's son rabbi) Yitzhak Aizik Segal ZTsL (abbreviation zekher tsadik le-brakha = blessed memory of the righteous). Bottom in smaller letters: from KK (abbreviation kehilat kodesh = holy community) of Slutsk, the capital city. ... " |
We assume that Chaim bin Itshak-Ayzik Segal painted the famous synagogue in Mogilev (built in 1680) was born around 1680 in Slutsk. Thus, he was one of the descendants of the rabbi who returned to Slutsk after the Khmelnitsky region. At this time, in the cities and towns on the territory of the right-bank Ukraine and Volhynia, almost all Jews were destroyed, only a few Jewish houses remained intact; in many places everything was destroyed.
And when the Jews moving from Lithuania and Belarus at the beginning of the 18th century began to again populate the territories of the Volyn and Kiev provinces, this passed slowly and carefully.
Our main hypothesis is based on a simple fact - Chaim bin Itshak-Ayzik Segal was born around 1680 in Slutsk (Belarus). He was supposed to be the ancestor of many Levites in the territories of the Volyn and Kiev provinces.
And when the Jews moving from Lithuania and Belarus at the beginning of the 18th century began to again populate the territories of the Volyn and Kiev provinces, this passed slowly and carefully.
Our main hypothesis is based on a simple fact - Chaim bin Itshak-Ayzik Segal was born around 1680 in Slutsk (Belarus). He was supposed to be the ancestor of many Levites in the territories of the Volyn and Kiev provinces.
In Boguslav in 1794 we found Ayzik Khaimovich, aged 60, b. in 1735, as well as his son Khaim Ayzikovich, 35 years old, b. 1760, who turned out to be the ancestors of the Sigalovs in Boguslav. We assume they were descendants of Chaim Itzhak-Ayzikovich Segal from Slutsk.
Fund 193 Inventory 1 Case 11.
Revision tale of the Jews of the city of Boguslav. 1795. (55 p.)
In this document dated June 23, 1794, among the male Jews, in the town of Boguslav, the family of our relative Ayzik Khaimovich appears,
Age 60 years old, b. in 1735,
Ayzik Khaimovich's wife: Stasia, age 41 years old, b. in 1754,
Ayzik Khaimovich's daughter:
Rukhlia, age 20 years old, b. in 1775,
Zlata, age 13 years old, b. in 1782.
Revision tale of the Jews of the city of Boguslav. 1795. (55 p.)
In this document dated June 23, 1794, among the male Jews, in the town of Boguslav, the family of our relative Ayzik Khaimovich appears,
Age 60 years old, b. in 1735,
Ayzik Khaimovich's wife: Stasia, age 41 years old, b. in 1754,
Ayzik Khaimovich's daughter:
Rukhlia, age 20 years old, b. in 1775,
Zlata, age 13 years old, b. in 1782.
-Fund 193 Inventory 1 Case 11.
Revision tale of the Jews of the city of Boguslav. 1795. (55 p.)
In this document dated June 23, 1794, among the male Jews, in the town of Boguslav, the family of our relative Khaim Ayzikovich appears,
Age 35 years old, b. in 1760,
Khaim Ayzikovich's wife: Etia, age 31 years old, b. in 1764,
Khaim Aizikovich's daughter:
Khasia, age 13 years old, b. in 1782,
Yfes, age 5 years old, b. in 1790.
Revision tale of the Jews of the city of Boguslav. 1795. (55 p.)
In this document dated June 23, 1794, among the male Jews, in the town of Boguslav, the family of our relative Khaim Ayzikovich appears,
Age 35 years old, b. in 1760,
Khaim Ayzikovich's wife: Etia, age 31 years old, b. in 1764,
Khaim Aizikovich's daughter:
Khasia, age 13 years old, b. in 1782,
Yfes, age 5 years old, b. in 1790.
We assume that they were one of the ancestors of the Sagalovs in Boguslav and Fastov.
Another example of our work is a study about the ancestors of Marc Chagall.
Another example of our work is a study about the ancestors of Marc Chagall.
After additional research, we discovered in the 1858 audit in Mogilev the family of Yosel Leibovich Segal, born in 1808, who could be the great-grandfather of Marc Chagall and thus connects to the Chaim branch of the descendants of Itshak-Aizyk. Until this moment, we had another version of Marc Chagall's ancestors, which could be one of the possible scenarios, but with much less probability.
Below we present this unlikely version.
For some reason, most scholars of the biography of Marc Chagall are mainly limited to searching for documents related to the Chagall family of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. And even among these documents there are not many families with the surname Segal. My question naturally arose: where is the information about the families of the relatives of David Ioselevich Segal? He must have brothers, father, uncles, grandfather, etc. with the surname Segal, Sagal or Sigal. And no one is trying to explain this.
The simplest explanation is that David-Mordukh Ioselevich Segal was born elsewhere, and this place was probably Fastov. There we find enough families with the surname Sagalov in which there were Yos, Duvid, Khaskell, Leiba, Abram, Hirschi, Morduh, Zusia and Moshka.
For example: Family of Yos Khaskelovich Sagalov (1796-18 ??) (son of Khaskel Leibovich) (Sagalov tree, Abram branch, Leib branch)
If we assume that David-Mordukh Yoselevich Segal was born in the family of Yos Khaskelevich Sagalov between 1818-1824, then he finds an ideal place in this family tree.
My arguments are:
- David-Mordukh named his sons Hirsch, Leib, Haskell, Zusla, Abram, Yankel. In the branch of Yos Khaskelovich Sagalov there are families in which the father also calls his sons by the names Hirsh, Leib, Haskel, Avram.
- In this branch of the Sagalov tree is the family of Khaskell Yosevich Sagalov, whose first son was named Duvid in 1831, which suggests the fact that this year the name David was the first in the list of names given to the boys in this Sagalov family, probably because between 1827 and 1831, Duvid Geshkovich Shagalov, a cousin of Yos Khaskelevich Sagalov, died of cholera.
- At the same time, the name Mordukh was very popular in Yos Khaskelevich Sagalov's thread, for example, one of the sons of Yos Khaskelevich Sagalov - Ovsei Yosevich, named his son Mordukh in 1833.
- David-Mordukh could have been born into the family of Yos Khaskelevich Sagalov between 1824-1831, and since he was Yos's second or third son, he fell under the criteria for army recruitment (cantonists). This could push him to turn on the run, while he could also change his surname to Sagal. By the way, I can’t explain how the researchers read the name in documents like Segal, and I read the same name in the same documents as Sagal.
- The same story happens with female names in this branch of the Sagalov tree and in the Segal tree, they are repeated.
- In the revision tales for Belarus, I could not find a mention of David-Mordukh Yoselevich Segal (Belarus Revision Lists Database)
On this photo:
1 row Moishe (Mark) Chagall (upper left) was the eldest of nine children, Zina Zakharovna Markovich, David Chagall,
2nd row of Khana Chagall, Maryashka Chagall, Feige-Ite Mendelevna Chagall (mother), Hatskel-Mordukh Davidovich Chagall (father), Liza Zakharovna Chagall, Manya Zakharovna Chagall,
3 row Rosa Chagall.
1 row Moishe (Mark) Chagall (upper left) was the eldest of nine children, Zina Zakharovna Markovich, David Chagall,
2nd row of Khana Chagall, Maryashka Chagall, Feige-Ite Mendelevna Chagall (mother), Hatskel-Mordukh Davidovich Chagall (father), Liza Zakharovna Chagall, Manya Zakharovna Chagall,
3 row Rosa Chagall.
If this (unlikely) version of our research about Chagall's ancestors turns out to be true then the famous artist Marc Chagall was a fairly close relative (second cousin) of my great-grandfather Yos Mordukhovich Sagalov. This version is in line with our other hypothesis that our ancestors from Boguslav and Fastov came there from Belarus and were close relatives of the descendants of Itshak-Aizyk. |
Memoirs of Arnold Kholodenko:
About our family tree.
"... It is 2016. My generation of baby boomers (baby boomers) has matured a lot: many of us have grandchildren. My brother, my cousins and cousins, who are 5-7 years older than us, are younger than us, one generation of a large family, whose roots go back about two centuries, perhaps by the end of the eighteenth or early nineteenth century, geographically it is the center of Ukraine, small towns around Kiev.
Almost all of us have long since left Ukraine or Russia and have grown old in the US, some in Canada, some in Israel or Germany, and maybe in other countries, but somehow connected by close communication, email or news. stories about each other. By this time, one of the topics began to dominate - our ancestry. Well, well - you can understand ...
The first attempts to describe the genealogy of such a large family I took almost forty years ago and, as soon as I completed it, sent copies to all branches of our family. Since then, much has been learned and supplemented. But the main thing - it became interesting to my brothers and sisters, and they, having turned on, significantly advanced this work.
Ilia Golfarb, one of my cousins, very much recommended me to describe how it all began: suppose that they are kept as a souvenir. Moreover, the compilation of the genealogies of Jewish families in the USSR forty years ago was not, to put it mildly, a generally accepted phenomenon and was associated with some "technical" difficulties. Who knows, maybe it's worth it. I promised.
By the second half of the 70s of the twentieth century, I was in my thirties, my parents had already left this world - my mother in 1960, and my father in 1976, and I had my own family. An inheritance was left of an old family album, not very well organized with a bunch of individual photographs from different times, various papers, letters from parents and some books. In general, a small "archive" is quite typical for the people of our circle of that time.
It was unusual, as I understand it now, that the family contained many oral stories, memories and legends about relatively old (for me) events and about many of our relatives. For example, my grandmother Mariam (Donja) Kaganska-Spivak kept many stories from the life of a large Kaganska family in Radomysl in the early 19th century and often told them up to the 60s. I remember them, which helped me a lot in my further work.
For example. I did not expect that my grandmother could tell me about the pre-revolutionary events in Radomysl, in which local Jewish youth participated, including her. Memories of Mayovka in the forest, secret gatherings on houses, political circles, etc. were quite unexpected for me then. Suddenly she sang in Yiddish in a high girlish voice of Varshavyanka (!). Knowing my grandmother’s strong temper and temper, I think that only her early marriage saved us in the future from another fiery revolutionary woman like Roza Zemlyachka ...
The First World (Imperialist) war, the revolution in Russia and the Civil War destroyed the world of Radomysl as well as many neighboring towns. The pogroms of the Sokolovsky gang, famine, typhus, collectivization caused the majority of Jews to leave little Radomysl. Kagansky, Spivak, Sagalov, Radomyslky, settled in Kiev, Maloratsky- in Moscow, where they found the Second World (Patriotic) War in 1941. One of the Kagansky with his family had long been in Palestine.
My Kiev impressions began in the late 1940s and early 50s. By that time, the house of my childhood was, thanks to my mother, some center of attraction for the now huge Kiev family, and I knew and remembered very many close and distant relatives from an early age. Yes, and they lived nearby, in the neighborhoods of the Kiev Old Town. We communicated. And so it was for quite a long time, even after 1963, when I already lived and worked in Perm, driving to Kiev and to Moscow on vacation or on business.
Let's go back to the pedigree. In the 70s I was very passionate about system theories. Perhaps, therefore, I don’t know, but somehow my attention once again attracted our old family archive - so unlimited, outside of any system, and I tried to put it in order. From here, I think, an understanding was born that two things need to be done: to recreate and expand the family album, somehow combining the saved photos and family documents and form the family tree of the whole family, where you could put at least one photo of each relative and the most minimal data about it.
I wanted to make the pedigree open, ready for expansion in the future, such that each branch of the family could be clearly defined and developed in new generations. I wanted to see how anthropological features from parents to children, etc., are preserved or modified. paternal and maternal lines, place and time of life, professional progress. It seemed to me that the traditional approach based on "naturalistic" graphics "tree trunk-branches-leaves" is not adequate to the goal. It was necessary to find another key. The task turned out to be very nontrivial, but the solution came in a rather simple and universal form borrowed from linear algebra.
So, the basis was taken as a rectangular matrix, where the lines represent the generations, and the columns represent the branch of the family (father-son-grandson, mother-daughter-granddaughter). In this system, it is very easy to add matrix pages on the left and right across the generations, as well as on top (descendants) and on the bottom (ancestors) as the pedigree is branching out.
My first drafts confirmed that such a system could be built. From this point on, the collection of missing data and photographs, the refinement of family ties, an attempt to expand the system, the technical preparation of portrait photographs (2x3 cm), the selection and acquisition of artistic cardboard and a host of other small matters began. It quickly became clear that it was necessary to visit Kiev, Moscow, Dagestan and other places in the USSR, where our relatives of the older generation were still living at that time to get the necessary information. I must say that they all generously shared with me photos and detailed memories, without which it would hardly have been possible to finish the work. Now it is clear that, having started this work about five years later, I would not have found many of our old people, and some of the information would have been lost forever.
На эту работу ушло лет семь. К 1985 году я смог закончить ту редакцию генеалогии, которая существует и по сей день. Of course, now it needs updating: the older generation is leaving, a new one has come, and another one is on the way; details are clarified, new branches appear at the tree. Life goes on and the lineage develops with it.
I would like to recall those relatives who really helped me with their memories and unique materials and photos:
- Mariam Spivak-Kaganska and Naftula (Nathan) Spivak, my grandmother and maternal grandfather, Kiev, Perm
- Volko Spivak, my uncle, Perm Maria (Musya) Kaganska-Chlenova and Larisa Chlenova, daughter and granddaughter of Moses Kagansky, Kiev
- Paya Kaganska-Safanova, daughter of Moses Kagansky, Derbent, Dagestan
- Sonya Maloratskaya-Sagalova, my great aunt, Kiev
- Genya Kaganskaya-Gurfinkel, daughter of Jacob Kagansky, USA
- Riva Spivak-Mashinovskaya-Zakon and Myron Zakon, my grandfather's sister and her husband, Kiev
- Boris Mashinovsky and Lilya Etinger-Mashinovskaya, my great-uncle and his wife, Kiev, Chicago
- Efim and Tamara Zakon, son of Miron Zakon and his wife, Kiev, New York
- Fruma (Fania) Maloratska-Kaganovska and Iosif Kaganovsky, my cousin aunt and her husband, Moscow
- Leo and Elena Maloratsky, my second cousin and his wife, Moscow, New York
- Basya Maloratska-Herzenberg and Zinovy Herzenberg, my great aunt and her husband, Kiev
- Ida Ostrovskaya-Spivak, the wife of my grandfather's brother, Kiev
- Galina Kheifets-Berdichevskaya, my cousin on the part of my father Vladimir (Wolf) Kholodenko, Kiev, Miami
- Clara Kolker-Goldzand and Roman Goldzand, parents of my wife Dora Goldzand-Kolodenko, Tulchin, Perm, San Francisco
- Polina Kvetnaya and Abram Buntsis, parents of my brother Joseph Kholodenko’s wife, Kiev, Toronto
Lev and Elena Maloratsky (USA) have prepared a brilliant and voluminous website for the Maloratsky-Vinnytsya family www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com with detailed information about the Kagan generation, descriptions of Malaya Rachi, Radomyshl and other historical materials relating to the history of our family.
Ilia and Irina Goldfarb also made a very interesting website for the Sagalov-Goldfarb family www.sagalov-golfdfarb.weebly.com.
Boris Mashinovsky and his wife Lilya Etinger-Mashinovskaya collected materials about our relatives participating in the Patriotic War and published them in Volumes 3 and 4 of the book “War and Fate. War and Destinies. These books were published in Chicago in 2011, and, of course, Boris and Lily sent them to me with a touching autograph.
Raisa Kaganskaya-Lyubashevskaya and Gennady Lyubashevsky from Zaporozhye are now also connected with us by the efforts of Ilia Goldfarb and are working on their line to our pedigree.
My nephew Edward Kholodenko (Canada) continued the genealogy of the Kholodenko-Buntsis-Kvetnye-Fishmans branch after his grandfather A. M. Bunzis, for whom I prepared separate pages of my matrix, because I knew many people from this family.
A few years ago I was approached from Israel for information about the relatives of my uncle's wife. By the way, she was related to the Fridlands brothers: Semyon, Mikhail (Koltsov) and Boris (Efimov). This is another branch that could be remembered a lot, but in this way the boundaries of the genealogy would expand considerably. Somewhere you had to stop ...
Finally, several branches of the Kagan descendants of Moses and the Yards of Kagan live happily in Israel.
As it turns out, the roots of the current families of Kholodenko, Spivakov, Maloratsky, Sagalovs, Goldfarbs, Radomyslky, Lyubashevsky and many others originate in the Kagansky family from Radomysl, one of whose brothers Moses and his wife and three daughters left Radistysl in 1928 . The youngest of his daughters, Zhenya Kaganska-Ben Araf, recently celebrated her 100th anniversary in Israel with a large Israeli family. We were also able to send our congratulations to her. It was especially pleasant for me: Zhenya Kaganska, my great aunt, and Fanya (Nusia) Radomyslskaya Miroshnik, a cousin living in Israel, who remember my mother Ethel Spivak-Kholodenko as a girl.
I was going to briefly describe how this work began on the preparation of our lineage, but the note stretched a little. I apologize for the long.
However, it is pleasant to realize that the work has begun, and now we are doing it together. Our children and grandchildren will be able to learn about their roots and, if desired, continue this family tradition.
Arnold Kholodenko
San Francisco, July 2016 ... "
HISTORY OF HISTORY
about how the 300-year history of our family was created
Epigraph:
“Another last legend -
And my chronicle is over ”
A.S. Pushkin, “Boris Godunov”
INTRODUCTION
This story is for those who are creating or thinking about re-creating their own Genealogy.
What is the history of our family:
The pedigree, which was created for almost 10 years.
A family tree that spans 10 generations of our ancestors (Jewish tradition speaks of compulsory knowledge of a kind not lower than 7th order).
The combined influence of seven generations of ancestors in the Avestan astrological tradition was called the “geneoscope”, which is a cliché of life situations and events that are likely to be realized in human life. The individual fate of our descendants is largely dependent on the geneoscope - the collective karma of the ancestors. Each of us is unconsciously inclined towards the development of the ancestors who have the greatest influence on him.
FAMILY = SEVEN + I = 7 + I
V. Dahl "Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language, 1882": "GENERATION ... Three generations of people count for a hundred years."
Based on this, our Family Tree for 300 years includes about 10 generations!
Pedigree, which includes thousands of pages of descriptions, archival documents, photographs.
Famous chronicler Maloratsky
He glorified the genus by research.
He teases fraternally with the volume of the site
Such children as Pimen, Herodotus. A family
The pedigree, which was created by the joint efforts of our relatives.
The main site of the Maloratsky/Vinitsky Family tree: www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com
Related Sites:
www.arkady-vinitsky-100years.weebly.com (Detailed biography of Arkady Savvich Vinitsky)
www.vinitsky-war-chronicles.weebly.com (Chronicle of the military events of partisan A.S. Vinitsky)
Www.maloratsky-300years.weebly.com (300 years of the Maloratsky clan since 1730)
www.familyrifma.weebly.com (Family praises in ferrets and iambas for 100 years)
www.dalia-june.weebly.com (The story of our granddaughter Dalenka)
www.hawaiimm.weebly.com (Travel to Hawaii)
www.tiomamaloratskytango.com (Argentine tango performed by Artem Maloratsky)
www.tangoprinciples.org (Treatise on the Principles of Tango by Artem Maloratsky)
Https://www.instagram.com/artemmaloratskysculpture/ (Sculptures by Artem Maloratsky)
www.improbablefamilystories.weebly.com (Extraordinary Family Stories)
www.norwegiantrip2018.weebly.com (Norwegian cruise)
www.sofochka-sofulya.weebly.com (In memory of Sofochka Schwartz)
www.maloratskysummingup.weebly.com (Biography of Leo Maloratsky)
www.maloratsky-ancestors.weebly.com/ (History of the ancestors of the Maloratsky)
This story of our Family was created on the basis of the following sources:
Historical events
Archival documents
the Internet
Vintage photos
Books, newspapers, essays
Films
Letters and Diaries
Autobiographies
Memories of relatives and friends, family praises
Diplomas, birth, marriage, death certificates
Grave Monuments
Slides-matrix A.Kholodenko
The Maloratsky family tree from Howard Levin
Howard Levin (USA) is working on the geneology of his wife, Judy Mallor (Maloratskaya).
1. How were the Family tree sites created (basic principles)
The history of the creation of our family tree dates back to the period of about 40 years ago, when A.Kholodenko did a tremendous job of collecting information about our ancestors and presented the results in the form of dozens of slide matrices with photos and brief data on the years of life and professions of our ancestors and their descendants.
About 30 years ago, the newly arrived in America Maloratsky called the American Howard Levin (husband of the heiress of the clan Maloratsky) and shared information about the ancestors of his wife; this information was presented to him in the form of a family tree.
Then came the approximately 15-year period when all the time was spent mainly on the formation of our immigrant family in the new conditions.
As soon as the retirement period began, about 9 years ago, the time began to take up our family tree, which began to take shape on the site www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com and several related sites.
Gail Madeira and Tema Maloratsky provided technical assistance in the design of the site.
This main site is divided into three chapters on the principle of different families of the Maloratsky and Vinitsky until 1968 (respectively, Chapter 1 and Chapter 2) and the combined family of the Maloratsky / Vinitsky after 1968 (Chapter 3). Each chapter is divided into parts, following in chronological order. All generations are examined in detail against the backdrop of relevant historical events. Additional materials are available in the Appendices and in the above related sites. Links to numerous sources are given. The memoirs of our relatives and their archival materials (photographs, documents, letters, diaries, etc.) are used.
From the very first steps, it was decided to move away from the "genealogical standards", the basis (sometimes the only one) of which was the design of the family tree in the form of "naturalistic" graphics - "tree trunk-branches-leaves." In addition to the “traditional” family tree, we were interested in the historical living conditions of our ancestors, geography, demography, religious and social life, professional activities, etc. All this was decided to be included in our family tree.
At the beginning of our work, we were limited by the lack of experience, the inability to work in Russian, Ukrainian and other archives, the scarcity of the available digitized archival materials. At that time, O. Sagalov (in the archives of Kiev) * and A. Loshak (in the archives of Kharkov) provided us with all possible assistance. Then it became obvious to us that the search needed to devote a significant part of the time, to collect information with the connection of all relatives, regardless of their place of residence, to make maximum use of all possible Internet resources at that time.
*) Oleg Sagalov on the occasion of a semicircular date
Revision tales of 200 years.
Oleg finds them tirelessly and fear.
What, where, when will he give an answer.
So far we have not seen such a scope.
We wish you many years of active life.
Raise the layers of centuries and powers, like Atlanta,
Replenish the site with our “weebly” and
Reveal all the facets of your talent! E & L M. November 2016
In 2011, Ilia Goldfarb, who designed the site, began similar work.
www.sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com
As a result, we have created a joint team, which allowed us to achieve significant progress in our common business. Close cooperation continues to the present.
From some point it became clear that with the advent of a mass of digitized archival materials, as well as current events, remaining within the framework of one site proved to be problematic. And therefore, the above related family sites appeared.
The "unconventional" process of searching for ancestors
The process of searching for our ancestors began with the first digitized Revision tales (RS) of 1795, corresponding to
the period of time when the Jews were still nameless (n / l):
1. How were the Family tree sites created (basic principles)
The history of the creation of our family tree dates back to the period of about 40 years ago, when A.Kholodenko did a tremendous job of collecting information about our ancestors and presented the results in the form of dozens of slide matrices with photos and brief data on the years of life and professions of our ancestors and their descendants.
About 30 years ago, the newly arrived in America Maloratsky called the American Howard Levin (husband of the heiress of the clan Maloratsky) and shared information about the ancestors of his wife; this information was presented to him in the form of a family tree.
Then came the approximately 15-year period when all the time was spent mainly on the formation of our immigrant family in the new conditions.
As soon as the retirement period began, about 9 years ago, the time began to take up our family tree, which began to take shape on the site www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com and several related sites.
Gail Madeira and Tema Maloratsky provided technical assistance in the design of the site.
This main site is divided into three chapters on the principle of different families of the Maloratsky and Vinitsky until 1968 (respectively, Chapter 1 and Chapter 2) and the combined family of the Maloratsky / Vinitsky after 1968 (Chapter 3). Each chapter is divided into parts, following in chronological order. All generations are examined in detail against the backdrop of relevant historical events. Additional materials are available in the Appendices and in the above related sites. Links to numerous sources are given. The memoirs of our relatives and their archival materials (photographs, documents, letters, diaries, etc.) are used.
From the very first steps, it was decided to move away from the "genealogical standards", the basis (sometimes the only one) of which was the design of the family tree in the form of "naturalistic" graphics - "tree trunk-branches-leaves." In addition to the “traditional” family tree, we were interested in the historical living conditions of our ancestors, geography, demography, religious and social life, professional activities, etc. All this was decided to be included in our family tree.
At the beginning of our work, we were limited by the lack of experience, the inability to work in Russian, Ukrainian and other archives, the scarcity of the available digitized archival materials. At that time, O. Sagalov (in the archives of Kiev) * and A. Loshak (in the archives of Kharkov) provided us with all possible assistance. Then it became obvious to us that the search needed to devote a significant part of the time, to collect information with the connection of all relatives, regardless of their place of residence, to make maximum use of all possible Internet resources at that time.
*) Oleg Sagalov on the occasion of a semicircular date
Revision tales of 200 years.
Oleg finds them tirelessly and fear.
What, where, when will he give an answer.
So far we have not seen such a scope.
We wish you many years of active life.
Raise the layers of centuries and powers, like Atlanta,
Replenish the site with our “weebly” and
Reveal all the facets of your talent! E & L M. November 2016
In 2011, Ilia Goldfarb, who designed the site, began similar work.
www.sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com
As a result, we have created a joint team, which allowed us to achieve significant progress in our common business. Close cooperation continues to the present.
From some point it became clear that with the advent of a mass of digitized archival materials, as well as current events, remaining within the framework of one site proved to be problematic. And therefore, the above related family sites appeared.
The "unconventional" process of searching for ancestors
The process of searching for our ancestors began with the first digitized Revision tales (RS) of 1795, corresponding to
the period of time when the Jews were still nameless (n / l):
A highlighted entry in the Revizsky Tales of 1795 about the Jews of Radomysl kagal:
"In the village of Malaya Racha Mordukhai Shlomovich 38 ( age at the time of recording, therefore, year of birth 1757), rents a tavern;
he has a wife, Genya 35 ( year of birth 1760); they have a son Moshko 15 "( year of birth 1780) ...
In this case, first and foremost, the names and patronymics of potential ancestors were taken into account, since, according to Jewish tradition, Ashkenazi named their children in honor of the deceased ancestors and relatives on the paternal and maternal side: the first-born was named after the deceased paternal grandfather, the second boy - honor of the maternal grandfather, the first daughter was named after the paternal grandmother, the second girl was named after the maternal grandmother, the next son was named after the paternal uncle / aunt, the next daughter was named after the maternal uncle / aunt, etc.
The next census - Revision tales of 1813 were already with the names. And therefore, in them the name of the eldest son should have corresponded to the patronymic of his father in the Revision tales of 1795. In addition, the location, occupation, the nature of the entry in the Revision tales, and earlier documents of the Polish archives were taken into account. Analyzing these signs, our first documented ancestor, Mordechai Shlomovich (b.1753) from Malaya Racha, who was in the RS
1795 was still nameless, and already in the RS of 1813 was recorded by Maloratsky.
Many genealogy researchers, including the well-known A. Bader, recommend that, when searching for their ancestors, they should first of all refer to their surnames. However, this can lead to a number of restrictions, and sometimes, the inability to find their ancestors in the Russian Empire before assigning surnames. We experienced this erroneous idea from our own experience in the investigation of the Maloratsky family, when at first we limited ourselves to the study of our first generation - the only Maloratsky family living in Malaya Racha. In addition, such a “family” approach contradicts situations that are not uncommon when siblings, as well as father and sons, sometimes had different surnames. There have been such cases in our Family Tree at least three times. In this search, we went beyond the limits of this “family” approach. In this we came to the aid of the analysis of the names and patronymics of potential ancestors, their places of residence, the order of entries in the Revision tales, professional activities, chronology, etc.
Surnames in the Russian Empire began to be assigned from 1806, before that, namely, according to the census of 1795, all Jews had only names and patronymics. At the time of the surname assignment, it could turn out that the brothers could have different surnames. This happened to our ancestors: the head of the family Mordechai Shlomovich with his wife Genya and children Chaim and Avrum (who settled in Radomysl) found the name Maloratsky, and the other two sons of Mordechai - Shloma and Moshko (settled in Malin) found (it would seem, contrary to common sense) last name Radomyslsky. Our ancestors Maloratsky (from the village of Malaya Racha), Potievsky (from the village of Potievka), Modelevsky (from the village of Modelev), Staroseletsky (from the village of Staroselets), as it turned out, had common kinship roots due to the following circumstances. The ancestors Potievsky, Modelevsky, Staroseletsky (according to the Reviz tales of 1795, 1816, 1818, 1834, 1850) had 80% names that coincided with the names of the ancestors of Maloratsky and
Radomyslsky, and also lived at the same historical time and in the same locality. When our ancestors lived in rural areas (the end of the 18th century - the beginning of the 19th century), when they did not yet have surnames (n / l), they were in five places of the Radomysl's district: Malaya Racha village, Dubovik village, s. Potievka, s. Staroselsky, s. Modellev.
2. SOME SOURCES
Books about our ancestors
About Zinaida Petrovna Aydinova (Chervonskaya), who spent 5 years (1938-1943) in the camp “ALZHIR” (Akmola Camp for Women of the Treason of the Motherland):
"In the village of Malaya Racha Mordukhai Shlomovich 38 ( age at the time of recording, therefore, year of birth 1757), rents a tavern;
he has a wife, Genya 35 ( year of birth 1760); they have a son Moshko 15 "( year of birth 1780) ...
In this case, first and foremost, the names and patronymics of potential ancestors were taken into account, since, according to Jewish tradition, Ashkenazi named their children in honor of the deceased ancestors and relatives on the paternal and maternal side: the first-born was named after the deceased paternal grandfather, the second boy - honor of the maternal grandfather, the first daughter was named after the paternal grandmother, the second girl was named after the maternal grandmother, the next son was named after the paternal uncle / aunt, the next daughter was named after the maternal uncle / aunt, etc.
The next census - Revision tales of 1813 were already with the names. And therefore, in them the name of the eldest son should have corresponded to the patronymic of his father in the Revision tales of 1795. In addition, the location, occupation, the nature of the entry in the Revision tales, and earlier documents of the Polish archives were taken into account. Analyzing these signs, our first documented ancestor, Mordechai Shlomovich (b.1753) from Malaya Racha, who was in the RS
1795 was still nameless, and already in the RS of 1813 was recorded by Maloratsky.
Many genealogy researchers, including the well-known A. Bader, recommend that, when searching for their ancestors, they should first of all refer to their surnames. However, this can lead to a number of restrictions, and sometimes, the inability to find their ancestors in the Russian Empire before assigning surnames. We experienced this erroneous idea from our own experience in the investigation of the Maloratsky family, when at first we limited ourselves to the study of our first generation - the only Maloratsky family living in Malaya Racha. In addition, such a “family” approach contradicts situations that are not uncommon when siblings, as well as father and sons, sometimes had different surnames. There have been such cases in our Family Tree at least three times. In this search, we went beyond the limits of this “family” approach. In this we came to the aid of the analysis of the names and patronymics of potential ancestors, their places of residence, the order of entries in the Revision tales, professional activities, chronology, etc.
Surnames in the Russian Empire began to be assigned from 1806, before that, namely, according to the census of 1795, all Jews had only names and patronymics. At the time of the surname assignment, it could turn out that the brothers could have different surnames. This happened to our ancestors: the head of the family Mordechai Shlomovich with his wife Genya and children Chaim and Avrum (who settled in Radomysl) found the name Maloratsky, and the other two sons of Mordechai - Shloma and Moshko (settled in Malin) found (it would seem, contrary to common sense) last name Radomyslsky. Our ancestors Maloratsky (from the village of Malaya Racha), Potievsky (from the village of Potievka), Modelevsky (from the village of Modelev), Staroseletsky (from the village of Staroselets), as it turned out, had common kinship roots due to the following circumstances. The ancestors Potievsky, Modelevsky, Staroseletsky (according to the Reviz tales of 1795, 1816, 1818, 1834, 1850) had 80% names that coincided with the names of the ancestors of Maloratsky and
Radomyslsky, and also lived at the same historical time and in the same locality. When our ancestors lived in rural areas (the end of the 18th century - the beginning of the 19th century), when they did not yet have surnames (n / l), they were in five places of the Radomysl's district: Malaya Racha village, Dubovik village, s. Potievka, s. Staroselsky, s. Modellev.
2. SOME SOURCES
Books about our ancestors
About Zinaida Petrovna Aydinova (Chervonskaya), who spent 5 years (1938-1943) in the camp “ALZHIR” (Akmola Camp for Women of the Treason of the Motherland):
About the partisan Arkady Savvich Vinitsky, who fought in the Bryansk forests (see: www.vinitsky-war-chronicles.weebly.com)
Newspaper articles, essays, advertisements
From the pre-revolutionary newspapers Radomyslyanin about our ancestors (about M.I. Kagansky and others).
From the Partizanskaya Pravda newspapers with articles by A. S. Vinitsky (see: www.vinitsky-war-chronicles.weebly.com)
“The printing press of Partisan Truth fit in two well-worn suitcases and a duffel bag. The newspaper came out every five six days with a circulation of 600 copies. The newspaper printed reports of the Sovinforburo about the situation on the fronts, reported how the allies were fighting, partisan notes told about the fighting affairs of units, demolition groups, and intelligence agents. A lot of material was signed by Partizan Arkady.
From various regional newspapers of the 20s and 30s of the 20th century. about the singer E.P. Vinitskaya (see Chapter 2, Part 1 www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com):
Newspaper MEIS 1934 (pictured Arkady Vinitsky far left)
Advertisements:
Advertisements:
Films
The television series “Calling Fire on ourselves,” directed by S.N. Kolosov (see: www.vinitsky-war-chronicles.weebly.com)
“Celebrating the 25th anniversary of the liberation of Bryansk”, cameraman E. Vinitskaya (see: www.vinitsky-war-chronicles.weebly.com)
Video recordings of E.P. Vinitskaya and S.I.Vinitsky of the 30s of the 20th century. (see Chapter 2, Part 1 www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com):
Letters and Diaries
“Save My Letters,” Collected Letters of the Jews of World War II, vol. 4, Holocaust Center and Foundation, 2016
Dear Leo, good afternoon!
My name is Dmitry, I am a colleague of Leonid Turushkin at the Holocaust Center. Now I am closely engaged in the scientific and technical processing of letters from Arkady Vinnitsky for publication in the collection of letters and diaries of the war period. It's great that you made such a rich and interesting site, it’s a pleasure to work! And the material of Arkady Savvich (I’m not talking about the exploits!) Is a miracle how good - the texts are one more interesting, and what literate and lively Russian language they are written!
The television series “Calling Fire on ourselves,” directed by S.N. Kolosov (see: www.vinitsky-war-chronicles.weebly.com)
“Celebrating the 25th anniversary of the liberation of Bryansk”, cameraman E. Vinitskaya (see: www.vinitsky-war-chronicles.weebly.com)
Video recordings of E.P. Vinitskaya and S.I.Vinitsky of the 30s of the 20th century. (see Chapter 2, Part 1 www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com):
Letters and Diaries
“Save My Letters,” Collected Letters of the Jews of World War II, vol. 4, Holocaust Center and Foundation, 2016
Dear Leo, good afternoon!
My name is Dmitry, I am a colleague of Leonid Turushkin at the Holocaust Center. Now I am closely engaged in the scientific and technical processing of letters from Arkady Vinnitsky for publication in the collection of letters and diaries of the war period. It's great that you made such a rich and interesting site, it’s a pleasure to work! And the material of Arkady Savvich (I’m not talking about the exploits!) Is a miracle how good - the texts are one more interesting, and what literate and lively Russian language they are written!
Letters from A.S. Vinitsky from a partisan detachment (see: www.vinitsky-war-chronicles.weebly.com):
Postcard from the First World War by M. Gringarten Eva Vinitskaya
Postcards from Savva Osipovich Vinitsky’s foreign business trips (see Chapter 2, Part 1 www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com)
Letter to the People's Commissar of the Internal Affairs of the USSR Lavrenty Pavlovich Beria from Aidinova Zinaida Petrovna (Spetsstroy VN NKVD, special colony) in Chapter 2, Part 1 on the website www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com
Diaries:
Diaries of A.S. Vinitsky
(see Chapter 2, Part 1 www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com):
Letter to the People's Commissar of the Internal Affairs of the USSR Lavrenty Pavlovich Beria from Aidinova Zinaida Petrovna (Spetsstroy VN NKVD, special colony) in Chapter 2, Part 1 on the website www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com
Diaries:
Diaries of A.S. Vinitsky
(see Chapter 2, Part 1 www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com):
in the post-war period (see Chapter 2, Part 3 www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com):
Autobiographies
Autobiographies of I.L. Kaganovsky, E. I. Vinitskaya, S.I. Vinitsky, A.S. Vinitsky
Autobiographies of I.L. Kaganovsky, E. I. Vinitskaya, S.I. Vinitsky, A.S. Vinitsky
Memories of relatives and friends, family praises
Memoirs of V.A. Weizel (see Chapter 1, Part 3 www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com https://mai.ru/common/history/70-victory/vospominaniya.php?ELEMENT_ID=56627)
Memoirs of Raisa Lyubashevskaya (see Chapter 1, Part 3 www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com http://evrey.com.ua/img/article/pdf-112.pdf)
Memoirs of A.Ya. Schwarzer about A.S. Vinitsky (see https://arkady-vinitsky-100years.weebly.com/)
Memoirs of A.S. Vinitsky (see www.vinitsky-war-chronicles.weebly.com)
Essay on the doctor, tolstoyan I.P. Chervonsky: (see http://yakov.works/libr_min/16_p/op/ovsky_02.htm)
Family praises in chorea and iambas (see www.familyrifma.weebly.com):
Memoirs of V.A. Weizel (see Chapter 1, Part 3 www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com https://mai.ru/common/history/70-victory/vospominaniya.php?ELEMENT_ID=56627)
Memoirs of Raisa Lyubashevskaya (see Chapter 1, Part 3 www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com http://evrey.com.ua/img/article/pdf-112.pdf)
Memoirs of A.Ya. Schwarzer about A.S. Vinitsky (see https://arkady-vinitsky-100years.weebly.com/)
Memoirs of A.S. Vinitsky (see www.vinitsky-war-chronicles.weebly.com)
Essay on the doctor, tolstoyan I.P. Chervonsky: (see http://yakov.works/libr_min/16_p/op/ovsky_02.htm)
Family praises in chorea and iambas (see www.familyrifma.weebly.com):
Diplomas, birth certificates, marriage, death; synagogue records
Obituaries:
Arkady Savvich Vinitsky
Foreign electronics. Success lies. radio electronics. 1996.No5. S. 96: portr. - Obituary;
Newspaper New Russian Word (New York) May 7, 1996;
Radio Engineering Magazine, March 1996
Diplomas
Arkady Savvich Vinitsky
Foreign electronics. Success lies. radio electronics. 1996.No5. S. 96: portr. - Obituary;
Newspaper New Russian Word (New York) May 7, 1996;
Radio Engineering Magazine, March 1996
Diplomas
What old photographs say
"Pouring from these photos
Oceans of biographies,
Life in which all, to the bottom,
With our bound ”
B. Okudzhava
It turned out that old family photographs, especially collective ones, potentially carry a large amount of information about family relationships, age, profession, religious affiliation, etc.
Let’s take two photos as an example. One of them is the “Brusilov Mishpukha” 1912 from the archive of V. Kaganovsky. This photo is made in retro style. The retro style implies ancient traditions, the overall photograph should resemble a collection of portraits - serious faces, a steady look, clear postures. Facial expressions are distinguished by seriousness and tension, and the absence of smiles and constraint in poses are typical signs of photographs of the indicated period, which can be explained by several reasons. Firstly, the situation of photographing was initially uncomfortable and took a lot of time. Secondly, photographs were mainly created in the spirit of an aristocratic pictorial portrait.
"Pouring from these photos
Oceans of biographies,
Life in which all, to the bottom,
With our bound ”
B. Okudzhava
It turned out that old family photographs, especially collective ones, potentially carry a large amount of information about family relationships, age, profession, religious affiliation, etc.
Let’s take two photos as an example. One of them is the “Brusilov Mishpukha” 1912 from the archive of V. Kaganovsky. This photo is made in retro style. The retro style implies ancient traditions, the overall photograph should resemble a collection of portraits - serious faces, a steady look, clear postures. Facial expressions are distinguished by seriousness and tension, and the absence of smiles and constraint in poses are typical signs of photographs of the indicated period, which can be explained by several reasons. Firstly, the situation of photographing was initially uncomfortable and took a lot of time. Secondly, photographs were mainly created in the spirit of an aristocratic pictorial portrait.
Kaganovsky's “Brusilovsky Mishpukha”: the spous of Tsipa and Leib (in the center) are in the last row; They sit in the second row in the center: Froim on the right, David to the left; sitting: among the children in the front row, Joseph, the third on the left, Ovsey, the second on the left.
As was customary in old photographs, the relationship of the location of the members of the family group with their self-perception and their position in the family structure is traced. At the center of the composition are the most significant members of the Froim and David Kaganovsky family. Children and grandchildren, in turn, surround adults. As was customary, in the foreground, in the front row, the youngest members of the family, moreover, they are located close to direct relatives.
In the photo, Leib Kaganovsky holds a violin in his hands. According to the memoirs of Joseph Kaganovsky, his father played klezmer music well and was invited to play at local Jewish weddings in Brusilov. Apparently, he taught the basics of violin music to his son Joseph, because Being in the Radomysl Orphanage, Joseph, who has excellent hearing, was sent to Kiev to a music school. On the way to Kiev, Joseph fled and again became a street child.
It is possible that in this photo, in addition to David Kaganovsky, there are two more sons of Froim Kaganovsky - Gershko and Ein, as well as Froim's brother - Yankel Kaganovsky (on the left hand from Leib Kaganovsky).
In addition to Leib Kaganovsky with a violin, the young man on the far right, holding a newspaper in his hands (perhaps he is related to the printing house), as well as the young man sitting on his right, holding a large book (possibly a school student), attracts attention.
All relatives are dressed very well. As far as we know, in the town of Brusilov there were no establishments for the rental of clothing and other clothes. Perhaps the Kaganovsky in Brusilov were quite wealthy. According to childhood recollections of Joseph Kaganovsky, his family was extremely poor; Obviously, this refers to two years after the revolution until 1919, when the Bolshevik expropriation of the wealthy people of Brusilov took place. In the clothes of men and women, one can also trace the specifics of the inhabitants of Jewish places of that time: hats, closed women's dresses with sleeves below the elbow, holiday frock coats for men. It is noteworthy that many men have ties around their necks, which indicates that the Kaganovskys were not Hasidim. It is known that the Hasidim experience an undisguised disgust for the tie and call it Goering (herring) or ekele (tail). It is worth saying a few words about the cause of this tie-up. Hasidic folklore explains it by the fact that the first action in the process of tying a tie is a knot in the shape of a cross. About how much Jews love the cross, do not spread. In addition, the Kaganovskys in the photo have fairly short beards, and some have none at all. Most Hasidim never cut their beards in accordance with the recommendations of Kabbalah, and certainly they do not shave “to zero”.
Of the nine sons of Leib and Tsipa, a maximum of eight can be found in the photograph.
In the photo, one of the women, standing in the last row of the third left (shown separately below), has an external resemblance to Svetlana Kaganovskaya. This indicates that this woman may have been the sister of Leib Kaganovsky (grandfather of Sveta).
And here is another photograph of the Radomyslsky clan of 1912 from the Nancy Mednikov archive:
As was customary in old photographs, the relationship of the location of the members of the family group with their self-perception and their position in the family structure is traced. At the center of the composition are the most significant members of the Froim and David Kaganovsky family. Children and grandchildren, in turn, surround adults. As was customary, in the foreground, in the front row, the youngest members of the family, moreover, they are located close to direct relatives.
In the photo, Leib Kaganovsky holds a violin in his hands. According to the memoirs of Joseph Kaganovsky, his father played klezmer music well and was invited to play at local Jewish weddings in Brusilov. Apparently, he taught the basics of violin music to his son Joseph, because Being in the Radomysl Orphanage, Joseph, who has excellent hearing, was sent to Kiev to a music school. On the way to Kiev, Joseph fled and again became a street child.
It is possible that in this photo, in addition to David Kaganovsky, there are two more sons of Froim Kaganovsky - Gershko and Ein, as well as Froim's brother - Yankel Kaganovsky (on the left hand from Leib Kaganovsky).
In addition to Leib Kaganovsky with a violin, the young man on the far right, holding a newspaper in his hands (perhaps he is related to the printing house), as well as the young man sitting on his right, holding a large book (possibly a school student), attracts attention.
All relatives are dressed very well. As far as we know, in the town of Brusilov there were no establishments for the rental of clothing and other clothes. Perhaps the Kaganovsky in Brusilov were quite wealthy. According to childhood recollections of Joseph Kaganovsky, his family was extremely poor; Obviously, this refers to two years after the revolution until 1919, when the Bolshevik expropriation of the wealthy people of Brusilov took place. In the clothes of men and women, one can also trace the specifics of the inhabitants of Jewish places of that time: hats, closed women's dresses with sleeves below the elbow, holiday frock coats for men. It is noteworthy that many men have ties around their necks, which indicates that the Kaganovskys were not Hasidim. It is known that the Hasidim experience an undisguised disgust for the tie and call it Goering (herring) or ekele (tail). It is worth saying a few words about the cause of this tie-up. Hasidic folklore explains it by the fact that the first action in the process of tying a tie is a knot in the shape of a cross. About how much Jews love the cross, do not spread. In addition, the Kaganovskys in the photo have fairly short beards, and some have none at all. Most Hasidim never cut their beards in accordance with the recommendations of Kabbalah, and certainly they do not shave “to zero”.
Of the nine sons of Leib and Tsipa, a maximum of eight can be found in the photograph.
In the photo, one of the women, standing in the last row of the third left (shown separately below), has an external resemblance to Svetlana Kaganovskaya. This indicates that this woman may have been the sister of Leib Kaganovsky (grandfather of Sveta).
And here is another photograph of the Radomyslsky clan of 1912 from the Nancy Mednikov archive:
Stand (left to right): Endy / Edel, Meri / Mirul, Yossil / Joe (son of Gersh and Hai-Lei), El (son of Gersh and Hai-Lei), Shifra (daughter of Gersh and Hai-Lei), Malka ( daughter of Pesy and Meer). Sitting in the second row (from left to right): Gersh Avrum Yankelevich Radomyslsky, his second wife Haya Leia Radomyslskaya (Verlotskaya), Meer Srulievich Kagansky, Pesya Gershkovna Radomyslskaya (wife of Meer Kagansky). Sitting in the front row (from left to right): Yankel, Sonya, Shloma Radomyslsky (from Gersh's second marriage), Yankel Kagansky (son of Pesy and Meer).
In the center of the composition is the most significant family members of the wife Gersh and Khaya Radomyslsky. Children and grandchildren, in turn, surround adults. Next to the family of the eldest daughter Gersh and his first wife Malka Verlotskaya - Pesya with her husband Meer, their daughter Malka and son Yakov.
As was customary, in the foreground, in the front row, the youngest members of the family, moreover, they are located close to direct relatives: three children of Gersh are sitting on their left from their second marriage with Chaya. Five children from their first marriage are behind the father of the family. On the right is the family of Pesa Kaganska (Radomyslska) and Meyer Kagansky with two children. Pesya Kaganskaya is sitting next to her husband Meer, behind them is their daughter Malka. Compositionally, Meer Kagansky sits surrounded by his family: the wife of Pesa, the daughter of Malka and the son of Jacob (the youngest son of Oma was not yet born). Son Yakov Kagansky demonstrates his attitude to his father Meer Kagansky, putting his hand on his knee. Exactly in the same position sits (on the left) Yakov Radomyslsky in relation to his father Gersh Radomyslsky. Two Jacob, one grandson and the other son, create visual symmetry with respect to Gersh Radomyslsky, emphasizing his primacy. Son Jacob Radomyslsky (sitting on the left) of his second marriage and son Andy Radomyslsky of his first marriage (standing on the left) differ slightly in age (about two years), which suggests that Gersh soon married her niece after the death of his wife. Both boys are dressed in high school uniforms, which indicates that they are students of the Radomysl gymnasium (a quota was established for Jews to enter the Radomysl gymnasium: no more than 5 percent of students of all nationalities could study there). Apparently, the boys were far from stupid and their father could pay for their education. Obviously, Gersh Radomyslsky was a fairly wealthy man, as evidenced by his presentable appearance in the photograph. Also, his son-in-law (Pesya’s husband) Meer Kagansky was quite wealthy, as evidenced by his excellent view of the photographs, as well as the document we found in which he appears: “Kiev. Voting lists in the Provincial Duma elections (database)” (Admission to vote was based on the age of 24 years and older, male, taxes, property, guild and professional membership, as well as some other criteria).
Here, as in the previous photo, all the men with ties and without hats, therefore, the family is not Hasidic.
What are the grave monuments talking about?
In the center of the composition is the most significant family members of the wife Gersh and Khaya Radomyslsky. Children and grandchildren, in turn, surround adults. Next to the family of the eldest daughter Gersh and his first wife Malka Verlotskaya - Pesya with her husband Meer, their daughter Malka and son Yakov.
As was customary, in the foreground, in the front row, the youngest members of the family, moreover, they are located close to direct relatives: three children of Gersh are sitting on their left from their second marriage with Chaya. Five children from their first marriage are behind the father of the family. On the right is the family of Pesa Kaganska (Radomyslska) and Meyer Kagansky with two children. Pesya Kaganskaya is sitting next to her husband Meer, behind them is their daughter Malka. Compositionally, Meer Kagansky sits surrounded by his family: the wife of Pesa, the daughter of Malka and the son of Jacob (the youngest son of Oma was not yet born). Son Yakov Kagansky demonstrates his attitude to his father Meer Kagansky, putting his hand on his knee. Exactly in the same position sits (on the left) Yakov Radomyslsky in relation to his father Gersh Radomyslsky. Two Jacob, one grandson and the other son, create visual symmetry with respect to Gersh Radomyslsky, emphasizing his primacy. Son Jacob Radomyslsky (sitting on the left) of his second marriage and son Andy Radomyslsky of his first marriage (standing on the left) differ slightly in age (about two years), which suggests that Gersh soon married her niece after the death of his wife. Both boys are dressed in high school uniforms, which indicates that they are students of the Radomysl gymnasium (a quota was established for Jews to enter the Radomysl gymnasium: no more than 5 percent of students of all nationalities could study there). Apparently, the boys were far from stupid and their father could pay for their education. Obviously, Gersh Radomyslsky was a fairly wealthy man, as evidenced by his presentable appearance in the photograph. Also, his son-in-law (Pesya’s husband) Meer Kagansky was quite wealthy, as evidenced by his excellent view of the photographs, as well as the document we found in which he appears: “Kiev. Voting lists in the Provincial Duma elections (database)” (Admission to vote was based on the age of 24 years and older, male, taxes, property, guild and professional membership, as well as some other criteria).
Here, as in the previous photo, all the men with ties and without hats, therefore, the family is not Hasidic.
What are the grave monuments talking about?
The palms on the monument, which are folded in a special gesture of blessing (birkat - kokhanim *)), are carved on the tombstones of a high-ranking religious dignitary - kokhen. This symbol indicates that the Maloratsky were Cohen.
*) The word “birkat” - (Hebrew ברכה brah “blessing”) occurs in the Torah and comes from the word “knee”. The word “hama” (Hebrew חמה “is found in Tanakh.“ Birkat ha-haama ”- letters.“ Blessing of heat. ”Meaning“ sun. ”During blessing, the hands of the koens are scattered in meetings, with fingers of both hands divided so as to make five spaces between them; The spaces (1) between the ring finger and middle finger of each hand, (2) between the index and thumb of each hand, and (3) the two thumbs are touching each other on the fist.
There is a complex social hierarchy within the Jewish community, including social status obtained by birth. Among the latter
belonged to the estate of the Coens (Kogans), who conducted their genealogy from Abraham (Aaron) and were priests. They had a high social
status, and on their tombs you can see images of two hands with fingers especially folded (two fingers each). It is nothing but a sign
ritual blessings. Another such group is the Levites - descendants of the Levi family. Traditionally, they help in worship and, in particular,
they bring a jug of water to the cohen for ritual washing of hands. Therefore, on their tombstones you can see the image of the same jug.
Even if the Jewish surname is not similar to the original "cohen" (as in the case of the Maloratsky), it can be related to it. Cohen or
under the conditions of exile, both a learned Talmudist and a simple tailor or trader could be Leviticus, but each of them was known for this
status in their community. And most of them, when they received the surnames by the Jews, took precisely those surnames that directly pointed to their
Cohen or Levite origin. In exile, Jewish communities carefully monitored who they have - Israelites, who - Levites, and who - Cohen -
so that when the Messiah comes and the Jerusalem temple is rebuilt, to know whom to carry out the corresponding duties. https://mnenia.zahav.ru/Articles/12555/samie_drevnie_familii_kto_takie_coeni_i_leviti
*) The word “birkat” - (Hebrew ברכה brah “blessing”) occurs in the Torah and comes from the word “knee”. The word “hama” (Hebrew חמה “is found in Tanakh.“ Birkat ha-haama ”- letters.“ Blessing of heat. ”Meaning“ sun. ”During blessing, the hands of the koens are scattered in meetings, with fingers of both hands divided so as to make five spaces between them; The spaces (1) between the ring finger and middle finger of each hand, (2) between the index and thumb of each hand, and (3) the two thumbs are touching each other on the fist.
There is a complex social hierarchy within the Jewish community, including social status obtained by birth. Among the latter
belonged to the estate of the Coens (Kogans), who conducted their genealogy from Abraham (Aaron) and were priests. They had a high social
status, and on their tombs you can see images of two hands with fingers especially folded (two fingers each). It is nothing but a sign
ritual blessings. Another such group is the Levites - descendants of the Levi family. Traditionally, they help in worship and, in particular,
they bring a jug of water to the cohen for ritual washing of hands. Therefore, on their tombstones you can see the image of the same jug.
Even if the Jewish surname is not similar to the original "cohen" (as in the case of the Maloratsky), it can be related to it. Cohen or
under the conditions of exile, both a learned Talmudist and a simple tailor or trader could be Leviticus, but each of them was known for this
status in their community. And most of them, when they received the surnames by the Jews, took precisely those surnames that directly pointed to their
Cohen or Levite origin. In exile, Jewish communities carefully monitored who they have - Israelites, who - Levites, and who - Cohen -
so that when the Messiah comes and the Jerusalem temple is rebuilt, to know whom to carry out the corresponding duties. https://mnenia.zahav.ru/Articles/12555/samie_drevnie_familii_kto_takie_coeni_i_leviti
AL (Abracham) Mallor (Maloratsky)
Mallor BIRTH 18 Dec 1917
DEATH 19 Jan 2006 (aged 88)
BURIAL Star of David Memorial Gardens
North Lauderdale, Broward County, Florida, USA
PLOT Garden of Veterans
MEMORIAL ID100026539 · View Source
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/100026539
At the age of 23, Rashmiel Maloratsky with his family moved from Malin to America in February 1917. In the same year, the first child was born in his family - a son, who was named Abraham. Obviously, by the time of birth, the grandfather of the newborn had already died and, according to Jewish tradition, his name was given to the first grandson. From here, one can indirectly determine the date of death of Abraham Maloratsky (grandfather): between February and December 1917.
Mallor BIRTH 18 Dec 1917
DEATH 19 Jan 2006 (aged 88)
BURIAL Star of David Memorial Gardens
North Lauderdale, Broward County, Florida, USA
PLOT Garden of Veterans
MEMORIAL ID100026539 · View Source
https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/100026539
At the age of 23, Rashmiel Maloratsky with his family moved from Malin to America in February 1917. In the same year, the first child was born in his family - a son, who was named Abraham. Obviously, by the time of birth, the grandfather of the newborn had already died and, according to Jewish tradition, his name was given to the first grandson. From here, one can indirectly determine the date of death of Abraham Maloratsky (grandfather): between February and December 1917.
Lev Maloratsky and his cousin Yefim Zakon found the grave of Avrum's son Samuel (Zisel) Maloratsky in the New York Jewish cemetery. Meeting of generations: Lev Maloratsky (b: 1939, 8th generation) at the grave of his son Abraham -
Zusya (Sam, Samuel) Maloratsky (1891-1931), (6th generation), Mount Zion Cemetry, NY:
Zusya (Sam, Samuel) Maloratsky (1891-1931), (6th generation), Mount Zion Cemetry, NY:
Sophie Maloratsky (born Lastman) (1889-1953) Wife of Salomon (Mallor) Maloratskyhttps://www.myheritage.com/research/record-1-69044942-3-502412/sophie-maloratsky-born-lastman-in-myheritage-family-trees?s=739317191
Former name: Szprynca Birth DOB on masthead shows 1889 but since a "spinster" on arrival, may have adjusted age for youth? Mar 15 1895 Lublin, Poland Immigration: via (port) Havre, France (ship) SS LaTouraineJan 14 1921 Poland to Ellis Island, NY Marriage: Marriage to: <Private>Mar 16 1932 Bronx, New York, USA Death: DOD is taken from gravestone; DOB is somewhat questionableJan 23 1953 New York, USA Burial Mount Lebanon Cemetery, Glendale NY. |
Monument on pogrom victims grave. Radomyshl Jewish Cemetery Meer Kagansky 1912
http://jewua.org/radomyshl-2/ (1870 - 1919 гг.)
May 23 - 25, 1919 The last pogrom in Radomysl, which lasted 3 days. On May 23, early in the morning, when the population was still asleep, the gang of Ataman Sokolovsky burst into the city, scattered into Jewish apartments and began to kill and rob. The population taken by surprise did not have the opportunity to escape anywhere and, thus, 400 (four hundred) people (!) Of different sex and age, from old people to babies, were killed. From the newspaper Izvestia Volgubrevkoma # 35 dated 06/01/1919: "The pogrom of Sokolovsky in Radomysl - over 1000 corpses are lying in the Jewish cemetery." Among those killed was our relative Meer Kagansky, the brother of my grandmother Khana Kaganskaya (Maloratskaya).
http://jewua.org/radomyshl-2/ (1870 - 1919 гг.)
May 23 - 25, 1919 The last pogrom in Radomysl, which lasted 3 days. On May 23, early in the morning, when the population was still asleep, the gang of Ataman Sokolovsky burst into the city, scattered into Jewish apartments and began to kill and rob. The population taken by surprise did not have the opportunity to escape anywhere and, thus, 400 (four hundred) people (!) Of different sex and age, from old people to babies, were killed. From the newspaper Izvestia Volgubrevkoma # 35 dated 06/01/1919: "The pogrom of Sokolovsky in Radomysl - over 1000 corpses are lying in the Jewish cemetery." Among those killed was our relative Meer Kagansky, the brother of my grandmother Khana Kaganskaya (Maloratskaya).
משה כהנסקי [Moshe Kagansky]
Birth: Circa 1880
Death: Between Oct 30 1947 and Oct 31 1947
Burial: Kfar Khasidim Rekhasim Common Cemetery, Rekhasim, Israel
On the tombstone written:
Moshe Kahanski
Son of late Israel HaKohen
Died on 17 Markheshvan 1948, 68 years old
Archival document Description of the monument Inscription on the monument to Radomysl
Kagansky Moshko Srul Moshe Kaganski Moshe Kahanski
b.1880 Radomysl с. Oct 30 1947 - Oct 31 1947
d.1948 Haifa. Burial: Kfar Khasidim Rekhasim d.17 Markheshvan 1948
Common Cemetery, Rekhasim, Israel 68 years old
At the beginning of the 20th century. Moshko Kagansky parted with his sister Chaya (Hanoi) Kaganskaya and went from Radomysl to Palestine, where his family then moved.
3. Historical tragedies and our ancestors
(detailed information on the website www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com)
Recruitment ……………… ..cantonists (1831): Itsko Maloratsky, Zaltsman (great-grandfather of Misha Shauli), Itsko Leiba Kagansky (1848); participant in the Russian-Turkish war Iosel Vinitsky (1877)
Pogroms ………………… ..the death of Meer Kagansky (1919, Radomysl)
Civil war ... ... ... Vladimir Chervonsky (1919, White Army), Grigory Chervonsky were killed (1919, Red Army), Borukh Kaganovsky (1919, Red Army), Tsipa and Leib Kaganovsky, together with their five sons, were burned in their hut in Brusilov in 1919.
Holodomor …………………. Aron Maloratsky died of exhaustion (1933, Zhitomir)
Great terror ... ... ... ... .. shot Grigory Zinoviev (Radomysl) (1936)
Zinaida Aydinova (1938 - 1943, prisoner of the ALZHIR camp) suffered
World War II ... ... ..died: German Maloratsky (1941), Naftula Kagansky (1944), Ovsey Kaganovsky (1944), Fanya Spivak (1942) Yona (Leonid) Spivak (1941), Isaac Gorilovsky (1941), Sigismund Gubnitsky (1941), Lazar Maloratsky (1944)
Holocaust …………………… shot at Babi Yar, Kiev, 1941: Brokha Kaganskaya, Yakov, Etl, Rakhil, Rebecca Kagansky Killed: Riva, Naftula and Grisha Kagansky (1941, Freidorf), family Kantorov (1943, Yanushpol), Mordechai Kaganovsky (1941, Malin), Haya-Leia Radomyslskaya (Verlotskaya) (1943, Radomysl) was shot, Ilia Goldfarb's grandmother and grandfather were shot (1942, Belogorodka)
Agent "Joint" ... ... ... ... suffered Arkady Vinitsky (1949)
Doctors' case ……………… ... Eva Vinitskaya (1953, Elektrostal), Yakov Veitsel (1953, Moscow) suffered
4. Unexpected finds in the process of creating the Family tree
Extraordinary family stories and historical intersections www.improbablefamilystories.weebly.com
5. Timeline of family sites
(including descendant sites)
2007 First related sites:
www.tiomamaloratskytango.com Argentine tango performed by Artem Maloratsky
www.tangoprinciples.org A treatise on the principles of tango by Artem Maloratsky
2011 Lev Maloratsky started creating a family site
www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com
In two thousand tenths it happened again
New offspring and creative call:
A granddaughter was born, and Leo suddenly showed
New passion: a historian-genealogist.
So here we are, reverent children,
We sing to him chronologically.
So that we do not have one more decade
To share with him, we drink to the daddy!
loving son Theme 2011
And the Pedigree? Meticulous, painstaking work,
Only those who dealt with it will understand
How much persistence and patience is needed here,
Into the deep centuries of penetration.
loving wife 2012
Dali's grandfather (translated by Uncle Tema)
Letter to the editor
Dear authors, staff, editors,
Thank you so much for your awesome website!
You did a great job and, it seems, spent
For all this history, a superb megabyte.
You covered a lot of various interesting things there
From the Commonwealth to our USA.
About the bouncer, siskin, sorcerers and hide-seekers,
And also about MAI, MEIS, NATI and MIREA.
Disappeared slippers and a monster tree
And about recipes for delicious table grandmothers,
As grandmother and grandfather rode in a "dick"
As the mother of the "plowman" called someone. April 28, 2013
2012 Ilia Goldfab started creating a family site www.sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com
Oleg Sagalov and Ilia Goldfarb
Putting together a 300-year-old puzzle
"Overlapping" GOOGLE and all the archived belongings
(Now they are definitely not threatened with Alzheimer's insanity).
The puzzle has a label: "SAGALOV SAGA".
And so that no one "stirs" him,
And relatives would be glad to read the text,
This work was posted on the website "weebly" *) L. Maloratsky (uncle of Oleg and Ilya) 10/28/2016
*) see www.sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com
February 27, 2012 The story of our granddaughter Dalenka www.dalia-june.weebly.com
2013 Family praises in chorea and iambic over 100 years: www.familyrifma.weebly.com
This material is dedicated to the memory of an almost century-old family tradition of writing praises about dates of birth, weddings, etc.
February 2, 2014 To the 100th anniversary of the birth of Arkady Savvich Vinitsky a website was prepared
www.Arkady-Vinitsky-100years.weebly.com
Only counts the year
Ignorant or crazy.
After all, it is not how many of them are important,
And what is important - what! A. S. Vinitsky
Birth: Circa 1880
Death: Between Oct 30 1947 and Oct 31 1947
Burial: Kfar Khasidim Rekhasim Common Cemetery, Rekhasim, Israel
On the tombstone written:
Moshe Kahanski
Son of late Israel HaKohen
Died on 17 Markheshvan 1948, 68 years old
Archival document Description of the monument Inscription on the monument to Radomysl
Kagansky Moshko Srul Moshe Kaganski Moshe Kahanski
b.1880 Radomysl с. Oct 30 1947 - Oct 31 1947
d.1948 Haifa. Burial: Kfar Khasidim Rekhasim d.17 Markheshvan 1948
Common Cemetery, Rekhasim, Israel 68 years old
At the beginning of the 20th century. Moshko Kagansky parted with his sister Chaya (Hanoi) Kaganskaya and went from Radomysl to Palestine, where his family then moved.
3. Historical tragedies and our ancestors
(detailed information on the website www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com)
Recruitment ……………… ..cantonists (1831): Itsko Maloratsky, Zaltsman (great-grandfather of Misha Shauli), Itsko Leiba Kagansky (1848); participant in the Russian-Turkish war Iosel Vinitsky (1877)
Pogroms ………………… ..the death of Meer Kagansky (1919, Radomysl)
Civil war ... ... ... Vladimir Chervonsky (1919, White Army), Grigory Chervonsky were killed (1919, Red Army), Borukh Kaganovsky (1919, Red Army), Tsipa and Leib Kaganovsky, together with their five sons, were burned in their hut in Brusilov in 1919.
Holodomor …………………. Aron Maloratsky died of exhaustion (1933, Zhitomir)
Great terror ... ... ... ... .. shot Grigory Zinoviev (Radomysl) (1936)
Zinaida Aydinova (1938 - 1943, prisoner of the ALZHIR camp) suffered
World War II ... ... ..died: German Maloratsky (1941), Naftula Kagansky (1944), Ovsey Kaganovsky (1944), Fanya Spivak (1942) Yona (Leonid) Spivak (1941), Isaac Gorilovsky (1941), Sigismund Gubnitsky (1941), Lazar Maloratsky (1944)
Holocaust …………………… shot at Babi Yar, Kiev, 1941: Brokha Kaganskaya, Yakov, Etl, Rakhil, Rebecca Kagansky Killed: Riva, Naftula and Grisha Kagansky (1941, Freidorf), family Kantorov (1943, Yanushpol), Mordechai Kaganovsky (1941, Malin), Haya-Leia Radomyslskaya (Verlotskaya) (1943, Radomysl) was shot, Ilia Goldfarb's grandmother and grandfather were shot (1942, Belogorodka)
Agent "Joint" ... ... ... ... suffered Arkady Vinitsky (1949)
Doctors' case ……………… ... Eva Vinitskaya (1953, Elektrostal), Yakov Veitsel (1953, Moscow) suffered
4. Unexpected finds in the process of creating the Family tree
- Our “blood” ancestors of the first found generations, starting from the 18th century, were carriers of five different surnames that they acquired later in the early 19th century; some siblings turned out to be carriers different surnames.
- It turned out that the Maloratsky were Cohen.
- A number of branches of our Family, which we knew about before working on the Pedigree, turned out to be connected in earlier times (Maloratsky - Sagalov, Sagalov - Zakon, Maloratsky - Radomyslsky, Kagansky - Maloratsky, Radomyslsky - Kagansky).
- Thanks to our family tree, the descendants of various branches of our tree (which, due to historical circumstances, parted about a hundred years ago) found their common ancestors and in some cases met each other.
- The distant ancestors of the Sagalovs were related to the ancestors of Marc Chagall (the result of Ilia Goldfarb).
- Representatives of the three branches of the Kagansky in the 30s of the 20th century. worked in the same agricultural area at the same time, unaware of each other's existence. Families of different branches of the Kagansky family worked in the agricultural settlements of the Novozlatopol district. These are the family of Naftula Kagansky (son of Yakov Kagansky), the family of Mania Zakon (Maloratskaya) (granddaughter of Khana Kaganskaya - sister of Yakov Kagansky) and the family of Srul Kagansky, who was a very distant relative of Naftula and Mania.
Extraordinary family stories and historical intersections www.improbablefamilystories.weebly.com
5. Timeline of family sites
(including descendant sites)
2007 First related sites:
www.tiomamaloratskytango.com Argentine tango performed by Artem Maloratsky
www.tangoprinciples.org A treatise on the principles of tango by Artem Maloratsky
2011 Lev Maloratsky started creating a family site
www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com
In two thousand tenths it happened again
New offspring and creative call:
A granddaughter was born, and Leo suddenly showed
New passion: a historian-genealogist.
So here we are, reverent children,
We sing to him chronologically.
So that we do not have one more decade
To share with him, we drink to the daddy!
loving son Theme 2011
And the Pedigree? Meticulous, painstaking work,
Only those who dealt with it will understand
How much persistence and patience is needed here,
Into the deep centuries of penetration.
loving wife 2012
Dali's grandfather (translated by Uncle Tema)
Letter to the editor
Dear authors, staff, editors,
Thank you so much for your awesome website!
You did a great job and, it seems, spent
For all this history, a superb megabyte.
You covered a lot of various interesting things there
From the Commonwealth to our USA.
About the bouncer, siskin, sorcerers and hide-seekers,
And also about MAI, MEIS, NATI and MIREA.
Disappeared slippers and a monster tree
And about recipes for delicious table grandmothers,
As grandmother and grandfather rode in a "dick"
As the mother of the "plowman" called someone. April 28, 2013
2012 Ilia Goldfab started creating a family site www.sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com
Oleg Sagalov and Ilia Goldfarb
Putting together a 300-year-old puzzle
"Overlapping" GOOGLE and all the archived belongings
(Now they are definitely not threatened with Alzheimer's insanity).
The puzzle has a label: "SAGALOV SAGA".
And so that no one "stirs" him,
And relatives would be glad to read the text,
This work was posted on the website "weebly" *) L. Maloratsky (uncle of Oleg and Ilya) 10/28/2016
*) see www.sagalov-goldfarb.weebly.com
February 27, 2012 The story of our granddaughter Dalenka www.dalia-june.weebly.com
2013 Family praises in chorea and iambic over 100 years: www.familyrifma.weebly.com
This material is dedicated to the memory of an almost century-old family tradition of writing praises about dates of birth, weddings, etc.
February 2, 2014 To the 100th anniversary of the birth of Arkady Savvich Vinitsky a website was prepared
www.Arkady-Vinitsky-100years.weebly.com
Only counts the year
Ignorant or crazy.
After all, it is not how many of them are important,
And what is important - what! A. S. Vinitsky
November 26 to
December 3, 2014 Travel to Hawaii www.hawaiimm.weebly.com
You admired the Aztecs and Mayans before,
Now it's time to discover the beauty and islands of Hawaii!
Although Kilaway is not a well-known volcano,
But like Fujiyama, it is very interesting.
It glows with fire and lava, burning the surroundings.
Will appear in full splendor, wishing to surprise us. Wifey
September 5, 2015 100th anniversary of the birth of Zhenya Kaganskaya. To this wonderful date Leo Maloratsky prepared a book that was presented to the hero of the day on her birthday
December 3, 2014 Travel to Hawaii www.hawaiimm.weebly.com
You admired the Aztecs and Mayans before,
Now it's time to discover the beauty and islands of Hawaii!
Although Kilaway is not a well-known volcano,
But like Fujiyama, it is very interesting.
It glows with fire and lava, burning the surroundings.
Will appear in full splendor, wishing to surprise us. Wifey
September 5, 2015 100th anniversary of the birth of Zhenya Kaganskaya. To this wonderful date Leo Maloratsky prepared a book that was presented to the hero of the day on her birthday
February 23, 2016 Our beloved, dear Sophie Schwartz left us.
In memory of Sofochka Schwartz, her relatives prepared a website www.sofochka-sofulya.weebly.com
Not only Moscow and Israel are captured ...
The whole house is illuminated by the energy of Sofka.
Beautiful as before, smart as Socrates,
Everything is also captivating with a sparkling look.
Lala
In memory of Sofochka Schwartz, her relatives prepared a website www.sofochka-sofulya.weebly.com
Not only Moscow and Israel are captured ...
The whole house is illuminated by the energy of Sofka.
Beautiful as before, smart as Socrates,
Everything is also captivating with a sparkling look.
Lala
March 27, 2016 20 years since the death of Arkady Savvich Vinitsky. For this date the Maloratsky prepared
website dedicated to the war period of A.S. Vinitsky's life:
www.vinitsky-war-chronicles.weebly.com
2017 Theme Maloratsky - novice sculptor https://www.instagram.com/artemmaloratskysculpture/
website dedicated to the war period of A.S. Vinitsky's life:
www.vinitsky-war-chronicles.weebly.com
2017 Theme Maloratsky - novice sculptor https://www.instagram.com/artemmaloratskysculpture/
August 23 -
September 3, 2018 Trip to England, Norway, and Scotland
details on the sites:
www.NORWEGIANTRIP2018.weebly.com
Https://www.flickr.com/gp/11627207@N05/t2At9r
June 23, 2019 In the footsteps of our ancestors:
DEJAVU
September 3, 2018 Trip to England, Norway, and Scotland
details on the sites:
www.NORWEGIANTRIP2018.weebly.com
Https://www.flickr.com/gp/11627207@N05/t2At9r
June 23, 2019 In the footsteps of our ancestors:
DEJAVU
Maloratsky at the place of arrival of their ancestors, 100 years later
July 2019 New book "SHORT PEDIGREE"
July 2019 New book "SHORT PEDIGREE"
In the Bloodline he has reached heights -
Has been studying since the seventeenth century.
Many events and beauties
Our tree branches daily.
June 2020 History of Maloratsky ancestors www.maloratsky-ancestors.weebly.com
6. Appendices
In the presentation of the history of our Family, a special place is occupied by the Appendices to various parts of the presented Pedigree www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com. There are two reasons for setting them apart from the main text. One of them is an attempt to “unload” a very voluminous material. Another reason is to focus on a specific narrow topic that the reader can choose as they see fit. There were a lot of such Applications. They can be roughly divided into the following thematic groups:
History
Geography
Professional activities
Surnames and names
Family ties
Various finds and intersections
Bibliography and personal data
History
APPENDIX 2 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Four waves of emigration of the Maloratsky and their relatives
APPENDIX 8 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Five stories of the Maloratsky-Kagansky-Kaganovsky family
APPENDIX 12 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Historical data on the Maloratsky family for 250 years
APPENDIX 13 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Detailed chronology of the genus 1-6 generations of the Maloratsky clan
APPENDIX 5 to Chapter 3, Part 4 300-year chronology of the tragedies of our ancestors
Geography
APPENDIX 1 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Geographical dispersion of the Maloratsky clan
APPENDIX 8 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Migration of our kind, presented in this Pedigree
APPENDIX 9 to Chapter 1, Part 2 The Jewish Population of Our Ancestral Places
APPENDIX 10 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Places of dispersion of our ancestors in the 18th century. - early 20th century.
APPENDIX 11 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Ancestral nests of our ancestors (18-19 centuries)
APPENDIX 3 to Chapter 3, Part 5 Where our ancestors lived
APPENDIX 5 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Chronology and geography of the Maloratskys at the beginning of the 18th century. - early 20th century.
Professional activities
APPENDIX 1 to Chapter 3, Part 4 Professional activities of our ancestors
APPENDIX 15 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Occupation of our ancestors before the revolution (1st - 6th generations)
Surnames and names
APPENDIX 14 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Surnames and names of our ancestors
APPENDIX 10 to Chapter 3, Part 4 Sources of the formation of the surnames and names of our ancestors
APPENDIX 4 to Chapter 3, Part 5 Transformation of the names of our ancestors
Family ties
APPENDIX 4 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Family ties of the Maloratsky with other relatives
APPENDIX 3 to Chapter 1, Part 3 Historical relationships of our ancestors
APPENDIX 4 to Chapter 3, Part 4 Our Relatives
APPENDIX 3 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Generations 7-10 of the Maloratsky clan
APPENDIX 6 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Ancestors of Leo Maloratsky
APPENDIX 16 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Generations of ancestors of Leo Maloratsky
APPENDIX 17 to Chapter 1, Part 2 My ancestors Maloratsky (7 generations of my direct ancestors)
Various finds and intersections
APPENDIX 7 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Seven stories of the Maloratsky-Kagansky-Kaganovsky family
APPENDIX 8 to Chapter 3, Part 4 Historical Crossings of Families
APPENDIX 2 to Chapter 3, Part 5 Extraordinary Finds Discovered During Creation
Pedigree
Bibliography and personal data
APPENDIX 2 to Chapter 1, Part 3 Author index to Chapter 1
APPENDIX 2 to Chapter 3, Part 4 Participants in wars
APPENDIX 3 to Chapter 3, Part 4 Order Bearers
APPENDIX 6 to Chapter 3, Part 4 Links to Internet Sites
APPENDIX 7 to Chapter 3, Part 4 Our Relatives' Bookshelf
APPENDIX 9 to Chapter 3, Part 4 of Déjà Vu
APPENDIX 11 to Chapter 3, Part 4 The Holocaust of Our Ancestors
APPENDIX 1 to Chapter 3, Part 5 Our ancestors. Memory and monuments.
Has been studying since the seventeenth century.
Many events and beauties
Our tree branches daily.
June 2020 History of Maloratsky ancestors www.maloratsky-ancestors.weebly.com
6. Appendices
In the presentation of the history of our Family, a special place is occupied by the Appendices to various parts of the presented Pedigree www.maloratsky-vinitsky.weebly.com. There are two reasons for setting them apart from the main text. One of them is an attempt to “unload” a very voluminous material. Another reason is to focus on a specific narrow topic that the reader can choose as they see fit. There were a lot of such Applications. They can be roughly divided into the following thematic groups:
History
Geography
Professional activities
Surnames and names
Family ties
Various finds and intersections
Bibliography and personal data
History
APPENDIX 2 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Four waves of emigration of the Maloratsky and their relatives
APPENDIX 8 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Five stories of the Maloratsky-Kagansky-Kaganovsky family
APPENDIX 12 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Historical data on the Maloratsky family for 250 years
APPENDIX 13 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Detailed chronology of the genus 1-6 generations of the Maloratsky clan
APPENDIX 5 to Chapter 3, Part 4 300-year chronology of the tragedies of our ancestors
Geography
APPENDIX 1 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Geographical dispersion of the Maloratsky clan
APPENDIX 8 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Migration of our kind, presented in this Pedigree
APPENDIX 9 to Chapter 1, Part 2 The Jewish Population of Our Ancestral Places
APPENDIX 10 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Places of dispersion of our ancestors in the 18th century. - early 20th century.
APPENDIX 11 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Ancestral nests of our ancestors (18-19 centuries)
APPENDIX 3 to Chapter 3, Part 5 Where our ancestors lived
APPENDIX 5 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Chronology and geography of the Maloratskys at the beginning of the 18th century. - early 20th century.
Professional activities
APPENDIX 1 to Chapter 3, Part 4 Professional activities of our ancestors
APPENDIX 15 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Occupation of our ancestors before the revolution (1st - 6th generations)
Surnames and names
APPENDIX 14 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Surnames and names of our ancestors
APPENDIX 10 to Chapter 3, Part 4 Sources of the formation of the surnames and names of our ancestors
APPENDIX 4 to Chapter 3, Part 5 Transformation of the names of our ancestors
Family ties
APPENDIX 4 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Family ties of the Maloratsky with other relatives
APPENDIX 3 to Chapter 1, Part 3 Historical relationships of our ancestors
APPENDIX 4 to Chapter 3, Part 4 Our Relatives
APPENDIX 3 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Generations 7-10 of the Maloratsky clan
APPENDIX 6 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Ancestors of Leo Maloratsky
APPENDIX 16 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Generations of ancestors of Leo Maloratsky
APPENDIX 17 to Chapter 1, Part 2 My ancestors Maloratsky (7 generations of my direct ancestors)
Various finds and intersections
APPENDIX 7 to Chapter 1, Part 2 Seven stories of the Maloratsky-Kagansky-Kaganovsky family
APPENDIX 8 to Chapter 3, Part 4 Historical Crossings of Families
APPENDIX 2 to Chapter 3, Part 5 Extraordinary Finds Discovered During Creation
Pedigree
Bibliography and personal data
APPENDIX 2 to Chapter 1, Part 3 Author index to Chapter 1
APPENDIX 2 to Chapter 3, Part 4 Participants in wars
APPENDIX 3 to Chapter 3, Part 4 Order Bearers
APPENDIX 6 to Chapter 3, Part 4 Links to Internet Sites
APPENDIX 7 to Chapter 3, Part 4 Our Relatives' Bookshelf
APPENDIX 9 to Chapter 3, Part 4 of Déjà Vu
APPENDIX 11 to Chapter 3, Part 4 The Holocaust of Our Ancestors
APPENDIX 1 to Chapter 3, Part 5 Our ancestors. Memory and monuments.